foundations are responsible for distributing the weight of the building on the ground to prevent settlement that may cause injury to the structure above.
Usually these are made of concrete or more rarely on rocks.
The type of foundation (continuous or point) and their sizes depend on the structure and characteristics of the overlying soil, in each case shall be constructed at a depth that will not be reached by frost.
in green building is usually recommended to minimize the use of concrete as it keeps the moisture for a long time, has low permeability, high conductivity and is easily attacked by atmospheric agents, requires, therefore, complex works of acoustic insulation and the use of specific chemicals of high environmental impact. However, the concrete, practical and legal reasons, is the most recommended to create foundations. We therefore recommend the use of pure cement, ensuring the absence of radioactivity and does not contain additives from waste from other industrial processes or chemical synthesis. These requirements can be found more easily in the white cement which is then desirable.
The water that accumulates in the loose soil around the house exerts pressure against the walls and the floors, it tends to rise in the capillary walls and can damage the structure and environmental well-being inside.
To prevent the capillary rise is necessary to provide a perimeter drainage system that can collect and expel the accumulated water.
It is filled with a material very precisely (eg lime stone) the space between the perimeter wall and the soil in which perforated drainage pipes are laid with a slope of about 1.5%. The surface water percolates easily be channeled to the pipes and removed or stored in special tanks and used for the cultivation of garden and orchard.
Normally, the drainage tubes are made of PVC because economic, for the production of petrochemical-based material that is emitted in a large quantities of CO2 and is also a material difficult to recycle.
Alternatively you can use polyethylene pipes, brick or concrete.
brick or concrete pipes available on the market are short and less manageable.
Their installation is more complex and the drainage system shall be designed more carefully.
is good practice to enter into a steel tape perimeter foundations to act as a sink which can be connected to all the metal structures of plants and the electricity grid.
This reduces the intensity of the electric fields that form near the net and deflect stray currents.
In the next post, I will start talking about the stone foundations.
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