The construction technique that uses brick or clay is called adobe, word of Arabic origin subsequently used also in the Iberian peninsula.
Items Employees are handmade or industrially using clay lands without subjecting the brick firing.
This technique allows you to create bearing walls or curtain walls according to the weight of brick used.
The land used in construction, in addition to being a completely natural material and does not involve high energy consumption for the production of bricks (the raw technique does not provide for baking) gives excellent thermal insulation walls and high inertia heat, leading to a high level of comfort.
Its distribution in the contemporary European housing market should, however, the development of industrial products such as premixed clay-based, extruded green bricks, insulation panels made of earth and clay.
between the industrialized and the artisan should weigh the choice depending on the context in which it operates, taking due consideration of economic, environmental and social issues.
The mud brick is a product obtained from mixing of clay, silt and sand, sometimes mixed with straw, in varying proportions, poured into wooden molds and left to dry in the sun.
The clay contained in the soil acts as a binder and imparts good cohesion between the particles of the dough.
is usually used the land portion of extracted under arable, avoiding layers containing putrescible and poor mechanical strength.
Ideal for the construction of mud brick is the loam and sandy. If the silt content is high, is well suited for mixtures with straw.
The size of the brick are the same as the old brick. To get the larger size of brick you need to use lean clay to be mixed in chopped straw, used for non-bearing walls. The straw, in fact, gives greater weight to the brick making it more suitable for the installation of cladding.
The handicraft production can be carried out on site and is the modeling of the bricks carried out manually by pressing the mixture into wooden molds.
Once removed from the mold the bricks are arranged in the open air to be dried naturally, for a period ranging from two to four weeks, depending on the season.
Industrial production is through the extrusion and cutting, following the same procedure used for the production of ordinary bricks, whose mud-brick can be considered as a byproduct. In this case, however, you get a brick building is not designed to be used raw, but with a composition more suitable for cooking, so the resulting product should be used with greater care.
The mechanical properties of clay brick permit the construction of bearing walls with a maximum elevation of up to three floors.
The properties of the raw material it is made, allow the wall a good breathability, preventing the formation of mold and condensation on the surface, good thermal inertia, or the ability to store heat, and a low coefficient of thermal conductivity, with good thermal insulation properties.
important feature is the ability to regulate the humidity inside the premises when it is too dry or too wet, helping to improve living comfort.
The mud-brick are laid in place with clay mortar or lime mortar on a platform of rocks or concrete, having realized a horizontal barrier against rising damp from the ground. The wall is finished externally with a layer of lime plaster finish, to protect the bricks from the rain, which appear to be vulnerable.
The minimum thickness of bearing walls is 30 cm, one-storey masonry, 50 cm, two-story masonry.
not undergoing physical and chemical transformations in its production and installation, maintain its ecological character and undergoing decommissioning can be reused as land for agriculture.
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